02Taxonomy & platform explorer
Every robot, placed on the four axes that matter
Filter real platforms by operating environment, trace their profile across autonomy, networking, perception and control, and compare up to three models head to head.
33
real platforms
5
robot families
4
taxonomy axes
Multimodal dynamic filters
Operating environment
Family33 of 33 platforms
Parallel coordinates chart
Design profiles, without forcing a single score
Each line is a platform. Drag vertically on any axis to bound a range; ranges combine. Click an axis to clear its range, and click a line to pin it to the comparator.
FamiliesHumanoids12Mobile manipulators2Quadrupeds7Ground vehicles6Drones & aerial robots6
Swipe horizontally to see every axis →
The weight, payload and operating-time axes show manufacturer-declared maxima, each under its own conditions (runtime, for instance, is usually measured unloaded). They are not simultaneous values.
Dynamic comparison matrix
Hardware, payload, battery runtime and ruggedness
Sort by any column. The table only lists platforms that pass the active filters and ranges.
| Pin | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANYmal DANYbotics | QDR | L4 | 15 kgup to 15 kg, per a distributor reproducing ANYbotics; no conditions published | 2 h90–120 min per full charge; ~4 km range (up to ~2 km on a typical mission, depending on payload and inspection points) | 50 kg | IP67 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Starship Delivery RobotStarship Technologies | UGV | L4 | 10 kgmaximum load per Wevolver | 18 h18 h on a single charge, per Starship; robots recharge overnight on site | 38 kg | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Waymo DriverWaymo | UGV | L4 | ≈400 kgestimate: passengers and luggage | ≈10 hestimate of one operating shift | ≈2.2 t | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Zip (Platform 1)Zipline | UAV | L4 | 1.8 kg4 lb, per Zipline | ≈2 hestimate: 120+ miles (≈193 km) round trip at 60 mph ≈ 2 h; Zipline does not publish endurance | 20 kg | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Air MaxPercepto | UAV | L3 | Not published | Not published | 9.5 kg | IP55 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| ANYmal XANYbotics | QDR | L3 | Not published | 3 h“more than three hours” per charge, with autonomous docking; preliminary specification, subject to change per ANYbotics. Charging and nitrogen refilling take place outside the hazardous area | Not published | IP65 | — | Press / aggregator | |
| B2Unitree Robotics | QDR | L3 | 40 kgwalking load (>40 kg); standing, ≥120 kg | 5 hcontinuous walking without load (>5 h); >4 h with 20 kg | 60 kg | IP67 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| DigitAgility Robotics | HUM | L3 | 16 kgper a third-party directory; Agility publishes no open spec sheet | 4 hup to 4 h per Agility (version shown at ProMat, March 2025); no test conditions published | 65 kg | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Figure 02Figure AI | HUM | L3 | 20 kgper Robotics 24/7; no official sheet | 5 h5 h per Robotics 24/7, no test conditions; 2.25 kWh battery per Figure | 70 kg | — | — | Press / aggregator | |
| Figure 03Figure AI | HUM | L3 | 20 kgper Figure’s product page, no test conditions | 5 h5 h per the product page, no test conditions; 2 kW wireless charging by stepping onto a stand, which Figure says enables near-continuous operation | 61 kg | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Galbot G1Galbot (Galaxy General Robot) | HUM | L3 | 10 kg10 kg across both arms (5 kg per arm), measured at the wrist centre, per Galbot; no test conditions | 8 h“8-Hour Operating Time” per Galbot, no test conditions; returns to charge on its own; 3.5 h adapter charging (48 V, 30 Ah battery). In January 2025 the press reported up to 10 h | 92.5 kg | IP54 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Jueying X30DEEP Robotics | QDR | L3 | 20 kgcontinuous payload | 4 happrox. 4 h unloaded; about 2.5 h loaded. Laboratory values, for reference only per the maker | 56 kg | IP67 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| MechDexterity | MAN | L3 | 60 kgacross both arms, per the maker's current page; at launch (March 2025) 130 lb (about 59 kg) were given, 65 lb (29 kg) per arm. Vertical reach above 2.4 m and 5.4 m armspan | Not published | Not published | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| RPD 35Built Robotics | UGV | L3 | 18,144 kgmaximum payload of the pile sleds (40,000 lb), up to 224 piles depending on type. The 2026 spec sheet supports 9 to 20 ft piles up to 1,000 lb (W6, W8 and W10 sections); the web page gives 10–19 ft, 600 lb and W6×7 to W8×28 | Not published | 65.32 t | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| SpotBoston Dynamics | QDR | L3 | 14 kgmaximum payload | 90 minaverage; about 60 min when powering attachments; varies with payloads and environment | 33.8 kg | IP54 | $74,500 | Manufacturer / operator | |
| StretchBoston Dynamics | MAN | L3 | 23 kgmaximum weight per case (50 lb) handled by the vacuum gripper; not a carried payload. Rectangular cardboard cases with sides of 15 to 91 cm | 16 h“up to 16 hours” per the brochure; in 2022 the maker attributed 16 h to an optional high-capacity battery and “more than a full shift” to the standard one. Fast charge to 90% in about 2 h under nominal conditions | 1.3 t | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| VectorQuantum Systems | UAV | L3 | ≈1.2 kgno public figure; modular EO/IR payload | 3 h180+ min in fixed-wing configuration per the Vector AI sheet (2025) and product page; 45 min in multicopter configuration | 9.5 kg | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Vision 60Ghost Robotics | QDR | L3 | 10 kgdeclared payload weight | 3.2 h3.15 h continuous walking at 0.9 m/s (10 km, terrain and payload dependent); 21 h standby | 51 kg | IP67 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| X10Skydio | UAV | L3 | 0.39 kgmaximum accessory payload across the four bays | 40 minmaximum flight under ideal lab conditions; 35 min maximum hover | 2.11 kg | IP55 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| A2AGIBOT | HUM | L2 | 2 kgrated load per arm of 2 kg; the dexterous hand grips under 3 kg palm down and under 8 kg in a hook grip (palm up), per the A2 Ultra sheet | 2 h2 h per the A2 page, no conditions; the A2 Ultra sheet gives 3 h standing with voice output and 1.5 h walking. 700 Wh battery, hot-swappable; 2 h to charge | 69 kg | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| AEONHexagon Robotics (Hexagon AB) | HUM | L2 | 15 kg15 kg short-term and 8 kg constant carry, per Hexagon Robotics’ spec sheet; no test conditions | 5 h“5 hours of autonomous work on a single charge”, per Hexagon Robotics, no test conditions; it swaps its own batteries in 1 minute | 60 kg | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| ApolloApptronik | HUM | L2 | 25 kg | 4 habout 4 h per swappable battery, per the company | 73 kg | — | — | Press / aggregator | |
| AtlasBoston Dynamics | HUM | L2 | 30 kgsustained capacity (repeated lifts); 50 kg instant capacity and 20 kg one-handed, per the sheet | 4 h4 h in typical use and 2 h with heavy lifting, per the sheet; it swaps its own battery in about 3 min (1.5 h charge time) | 90 kg | IP67 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Elios 3Flyability | UAV | L2 | 0.15 kgmargin with LiDAR up to the 2,500 g maximum take-off mass; 600 g without LiDAR (2022 sheet) | 12 min11.5–12.5 min depending on sheet version, no payload in the bay, ideal conditions and new battery; ~9 min with LiDAR | 2.41 kg | IP44 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| FieldPrinter 2Dusty Robotics | UGV | L2 | Not published | 2 h2–3 h per Milwaukee M18 5.0 Ah battery in continuous use; varies with drive intensity, obstacle density and print frequency. Two batteries are supplied and it supports hot-swapping without ending the print job | 10.4 kg | IP51 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| G1Unitree Robotics | HUM | L2 | 2 kgarm maximum load, ~2 kg (G1) and ~3 kg (EDU); varies greatly with arm extension | 2 habout 2 h per the manufacturer; 9,000 mAh quick-release battery | 35 kg | — | $13,500 | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Go2Unitree Robotics | QDR | L2 | 8 kg≈8 kg on Pro, X and EDU (≈7 kg on Air); maximum ~10–12 kg depending on version | 90 minstandard 8,000 mAh battery (Air, Pro, X): 1–2 h; EDU ships with a 15,000 mAh one: 2–4 h | 15 kg | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Husky A200Clearpath Robotics | UGV | L2 | 75 kgmaximum payload; 20 kg on all terrain | 3 haverage run time per Clearpath (20 Ah, 24 V sealed lead-acid battery); depends on payload and accessories | 50 kg | IP44 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Matrice 350 RTKDJI | UAV | L2 | 2.7 kgmaximum payload per DJI’s product page; matches maximum take-off weight (9.2 kg) minus 6.47 kg with two batteries; reduces flight time | 55 minat ~8 m/s, no payload, windless, down to 0% battery | 6.47 kg | IP55 | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| THeMISMilrem Robotics | UGV | L2 | 750 kgrated payload per the manufacturer; earlier sheets cited by the press: up to 1,200 kg | 15 hup to 15 h in hybrid mode; up to 1.5 h electric-only | 1.82 t | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| Walker S2UBTECH Robotics | HUM | L2 | 15 kg15 kg handled within a 0–1.8 m high workspace, per UBTECH; each hand grasps up to 7.5 kg (1 kg with the fingers). No test conditions published | Not publishedUBTECH publishes no runtime per battery; it says the robot swaps its own battery in about 3 minutes, using two batteries and swap stations | 70 kg | — | — | Manufacturer / operator | |
| NEO1X Technologies | HUM | L1 | 25 kgcarrying load: 55 lb (≈25 kg); per the same table it lifts 154 lb (≈69.9 kg) and the arm payload is 18 lb (≈8.2 kg); no conditions published | 4 h4 h per 1X’s spec table, with no test conditions; quick charge of 6 min per hour of runtime. The table gives an 842 Wh battery and the FAQ on the same page 0.75 kWh | 29.9 kg | IP44 | $20,000 | Manufacturer / operator | |
| OptimusTesla | HUM | L1 | Not published | Not published | Not published | — | — | Manufacturer / operator |
≈ editorial estimate
Each value shows its test condition underneath. Payload and operating time are independent maxima: at maximum payload, runtime is lower.
Side-by-side comparator
Up to three platforms, head to head
Pin platforms from the chart, the matrix or each robot's page. This page's link keeps your selection so you can share it.
| Side-by-side comparator | Empty slot | Empty slot | Empty slot |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autonomy level | — | — | — |
| Perception module | — | — | — |
| Operating time | — | — | — |
| Payload | — | — | — |
| Ideal business case | — | — | — |
| Weight | — | — | — |
| Top speed | — | — | — |
| IP rating | — | — | — |
| Coordination | — | — | — |
| Primary control mode | — | — | — |
No platform pinned yet. Tick up to three in the matrix or click a line in the chart.
Interactive classification matrix
Autonomy level × coordination capability
Crossing both axes reveals the system architecture: most real deployments cluster at conditional or high autonomy with centralized coordination. Decentralized swarms remain almost empty in the civil market.
Collaborative swarm
Coordinated
L0
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
Coordination ↑Autonomy level →
Every spec sheet links its sources and states test conditions (review 2026-11). Manufacturer figures are maxima under declared conditions, not simultaneous. Values marked ≈ are editorial estimates because no consistent public figure exists. Verify with the manufacturer before a purchase decision.
Methodology & evidence levels →