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Physical AIby Santi

03Case studies

Real deployments, every data point linked to its source

Publicly documented deployments in one template: fact sheet, challenge, solution, published KPIs and lessons. When a figure has not been published, it says “Not published”.

Last reviewed: 2026-11Methodology & sources →

How to read these cases

  • Every statement carries its source; statements without one are flagged as editorial analysis.
  • KPIs are as published, in their own terms. We never model or estimate customer figures.
  • The evidence badge is the highest level backing the headline outcome: A documented, B manufacturer/operator, C press.
  • Autonomy and coordination levels are our classification on the site taxonomy, not a vendor claim.

What almost never gets published

Of 8 cases, none has published a payback period. Almost no one discloses cost per task, human-intervention rate or real availability. Demand them in your pilot.

Sector
Hardware
Stage
Evidence

8 cases

  • CS-01 · Trial · 2023B· Manufacturer / operator
    Quadruped

    Aker BP: autonomous inspection in Ex zones on the Valhall platform

    Aker BP, with Cognite and ANYbotics · Valhall field, North Sea (Norway)

    Trial of a quadruped certified for explosive atmospheres on a producing platform, with missions supervised from shore, as a step toward unmanned platforms.

    Sector
    Energy
    Published payback
    Not published

    Offshore / energy · 2 of 4 KPIs published

  • CS-02 · Pilot · 2021C· Press / analysis
    Quadruped

    PETRONAS: from an offshore trial to an agreement to scale Ex robots

    PETRONAS, with ANYbotics · Dulang B platform, 170 km off Kerteh (Terengganu, Malaysia)

    A multi-week trial on an offshore platform followed in 2022 by a commercial agreement to take ANYmal X to platforms, LNG terminals and refineries.

    Sector
    Energy
    Published payback
    Not published

    Offshore / energy · 3 of 4 KPIs published

  • CS-03 · Commercial · 2021B· Manufacturer / operator
    Quadruped

    National Grid: inspecting an energized valve hall

    National Grid · Sandy Pond HVDC converter station, near Boston (US)

    The thyristor valve hall could only be inspected during the annual outage; with Spot, visual and thermal inspection became twice-monthly, without shutting down the station.

    Sector
    Energy
    Published payback
    Not published

    Industrial plant · 3 of 4 KPIs published

  • CS-04 · Scaling · 2023C· Press / analysis
    Drone / aerial robot (UAV)

    Southern Company: system-wide remote dock-based drone operations

    Southern Company, with Skydio · Plants, substations and fixed sites across the system (US)

    A conditions-based FAA waiver to operate drones from docks remotely and autonomously beyond visual line of sight across the power system.

    Sector
    Energy
    Published payback
    Not published

    Industrial plant · 2 of 4 KPIs published

  • CS-05 · Scaling · 2023B· Manufacturer / operator
    Humanoid

    GXO: warehouse humanoids under a robots-as-a-service model

    GXO Logistics, with Agility Robotics · Flowery Branch (Georgia, US); expanding to Statesville and Lebanon

    More than 100,000 totes moved and an expansion to two more sites announced, while GXO itself states it has not yet achieved ROI on humanoids.

    Sector
    Logistics & last mile
    Published payback
    Not published

    Warehouse / logistics · 3 of 4 KPIs published

  • CS-06 · Commercial · 2016A· Documented
    Drone / aerial robot (UAV)

    Zipline in Rwanda: drone blood delivery evaluated in a peer-reviewed study

    Zipline and Rwanda's public health system · Rwanda (Muhanga distribution center)

    Deliveries 79 minutes faster than by road and 67% fewer expired blood units at 12 months: the deployment with the strongest independent evidence in the field.

    Sector
    Logistics & last mile
    Published payback
    Not published

    Emergency / disaster · 3 of 4 KPIs published

  • CS-07 · Ended · 2024C· Press / analysis
    Humanoid

    BMW Spartanburg: humanoids in the body shop

    BMW Group, with Figure AI · Spartanburg plant (South Carolina, US)

    A multi-week 2024 test led, according to Figure, to about 1,250 runtime hours on the line; productivity and cost figures have not been published.

    Sector
    Advanced manipulation
    Published payback
    Not published

    Industrial plant · 3 of 4 KPIs published

  • CS-08 · ScalingB· Manufacturer / operator
    Ground vehicle (UGV/AMR)

    Starship: autonomous sidewalk delivery at scale

    Starship Technologies (campuses, cities and Uber Eats) · 8 countries (2026), including the US and UK

    Ten million autonomous deliveries and 3,000+ robots across ~300 locations, per the company; unit economics remain unpublished.

    Sector
    Logistics & last mile
    Published payback
    Not published

    Urban / pedestrian · 2 of 4 KPIs published